Lecture

The Gospel of Matthew

This module examines the Gospel of Matthew, highlighting its unique aspects, including:

  • The duality of Torah observance and Gentile mission.
  • The portrayal of Jesus as a teacher and the founder of the Church.
  • The encouragement offered to Matthew's community during troubled times.

Students will analyze how these aspects reflect the community's needs and theological perspectives.


Course Lectures
  • This module introduces the New Testament as a historical collection of documents rather than as scripture. Students are encouraged to set aside preconceived notions and approach the text with a fresh perspective, considering the historical context and how it would be perceived by ancient audiences.

  • From Stories to Canon
    Dale B Martin

    This module delves into the formation of the Christian canon, examining how various texts were recognized as scripture. Factors influencing this process include:

    • Competing doctrinal schools.
    • The role of apostolic authority.
    • Consensus among early Christian communities.
    • Technological advancements, like the invention of the codex.

    Students will investigate both the inclusion and exclusion criteria for New Testament texts.

  • The Greco-Roman World
    Dale B Martin

    In this module, students will examine the Greco-Roman cultural and historical context that shaped the New Testament. Key topics include:

    • The spread of Greek culture through Alexander the Great.
    • Religious syncretism and the blending of belief systems.
    • The impact of the Roman Empire on social structures and the spread of Christianity.
    • The significance of the Pax Romana in facilitating Christian growth.

    This foundational knowledge is crucial for understanding the New Testament's origins.

  • This module focuses on first-century Judaism and its complexities, especially regarding Hellenization and the responses of various Jewish groups. Key areas of study include:

    • The impact of Antiochus IV Epiphanes on Jerusalem.
    • The Jewish revolt led by the Hasmonean Dynasty.
    • The dynamics of Roman rule in Judea.
    • The apocalypticism present in Jewish texts and early Christian teachings.

    Understanding these dynamics is essential for contextualizing the New Testament.

  • This module analyzes the historical accounts of Paul's travels as depicted in The Acts of the Apostles and Galatians. The focus will be on:

    • The contradictions between the two texts.
    • The historical critical method for understanding these narratives.
    • Evaluating which accounts may hold more historical accuracy.

    Students will learn how to navigate discrepancies and enrich their understanding of Paul's role in early Christianity.

  • The Gospel of Mark
    Dale B Martin

    This module focuses on the Gospel of Mark, emphasizing its literary structure and message. Students will explore:

    • The narrative techniques employed by the gospel writer.
    • The portrayal of Jesus as a suffering messiah.
    • The apocalyptic themes within the text.

    Through a historical critical lens, students will discern how these elements contribute to the overall message of the Gospel.

  • The Gospel of Matthew
    Dale B Martin

    This module examines the Gospel of Matthew, highlighting its unique aspects, including:

    • The duality of Torah observance and Gentile mission.
    • The portrayal of Jesus as a teacher and the founder of the Church.
    • The encouragement offered to Matthew's community during troubled times.

    Students will analyze how these aspects reflect the community's needs and theological perspectives.

  • The Gospel of Thomas
    Dale B Martin

    This module introduces the Gospel of Thomas, a collection of sayings discovered in the Nag Hammadi Codices. Key points include:

    • The nature of the sayings and their potential Gnostic influences.
    • The significance of the text in comparison to canonical Gospels.
    • The implications of its teachings on early Christian thought.

    Students will explore the themes and theological implications of this non-canonical text.

  • The Gospel of Luke
    Dale B Martin

    This module focuses on the Gospel of Luke, which presents a continuous narrative of Jesus' ministry and the early Church's expansion. Key discussions include:

    • The author's careful structuring of the text.
    • The emphasis on Jesus' Jewish heritage and the theme of reversal.
    • The geographical and conceptual spread of the Gospel to Gentiles.

    Students will analyze the implications of Luke's narrative choices for understanding the early Christian movement.

  • The Acts of the Apostles
    Dale B Martin

    This module examines The Acts of the Apostles, emphasizing its major themes and narrative style. Students will explore:

    • The progression of the Gospel from Jews to Gentiles.
    • Descriptive analysis of key speeches, such as that of Stephen.
    • The concept of martyrdom as exemplified by Jesus and the early apostles.

    By analyzing these elements, students will gain insights into the early Christian community's challenges and successes.

  • This module analyzes the Gospel of John, highlighting its unique literary style and high Christology. Key points include:

    • The use of extended dialogues and the concept of "signs."
    • The thematic contrasts of light and darkness.
    • The reflection of the author's sectarian community.

    Students will evaluate how these features contribute to the overall understanding of Jesus' identity within Johannine literature.

  • This module focuses on the letters attributed to John, emphasizing the Christological themes present. Students will explore:

    • The riddles and complexities in Jesus' dialogues.
    • The echoes of the Gospel's themes in 1 John.
    • The sectarian nature of the Johannine community and its theological disputes.

    Through this examination, students will learn about the community's stance on Jesus' divinity and humanity.

  • The Historical Jesus
    Dale B Martin

    This module explores the concept of the "historical Jesus," focusing on how scholars construct this figure amid contradictory narratives. Key methods include:

    • Analyzing multiple attestations of events.
    • Distinguishing data that diverges from theological tendencies.
    • Utilizing modern historical research methods.

    Students will engage with the complexities of the historical Jesus and the challenges historians face in reconstructing his life.

  • Paul as Missionary
    Dale B Martin

    This module evaluates the Apostle Paul's role as a missionary, focusing on the different interpretations throughout Christian history. Key themes include:

    • The varied perspectives on Paul's mission and message.
    • Paul as a martyr for early Christians.
    • St. Augustine and Martin Luther's interpretations based on personal struggles.

    Students will analyze how Paul's message evolved and its implications for early Christian communities.

  • Paul as Pastor
    Dale B Martin

    This module investigates Paul's pastoral role as reflected in his letters to the Corinthians. Key discussions include:

    • The controversies and social issues within the Corinthian church.
    • Paul's guidance on topics such as sexual ethics and spiritual gifts.
    • The defensive posture in 2 Corinthians against rival teachers.

    Students will explore the complexities of church dynamics and Paul's responses to the challenges faced by early Christians.

  • This module analyzes Paul's theological perspective on the Jewish Law, particularly in Galatians and Romans. Key points include:

    • Paul's portrayal of the Law as an object of idolatry.
    • Nuanced views presented in Romans to counter accusations of antinomianism.
    • The implications of Paul's teachings for Jewish and Gentile relations.

    Students will engage with the complexities of Paul's theological arguments and their significance in early Christian thought.

  • Paul's Disciples
    Dale B Martin

    This module examines the letters attributed to Paul's disciples, focusing on the pseudonymous works of Colossians and Ephesians. Key discussions include:

    • The characteristics of pseudepigrapha in early Christianity.
    • Ethical teachings and Christology differences from Pauline writings.
    • The theological implications of the realized eschatology presented.

    Students will analyze the significance of these letters in the context of early Christian beliefs and practices.

  • Arguing with Paul?
    Dale B Martin

    This module explores the book of James and its unique perspective on faith and works. Students will examine:

    • The influences of Jewish wisdom literature on James' writings.
    • Contrasting views of faith versus works with Pauline theology.
    • The concerns for the poor and ethical conduct within the community.

    Through this analysis, students will gain insights into the diversity of early Christian thought and practice.

  • This module explores the Pastoral Epistles and their portrayal of ecclesiastical structures. Key discussions include:

    • The shift towards institutionalization in early Christianity.
    • Patriarchal structures within church leadership.
    • The contrast between Pauline teachings and those in the Pastoral Epistles.

    Students will analyze how these changes reflect broader societal shifts and impact early Christian communities.

  • This module examines The Acts of Paul and Thecla, highlighting its narrative similarities to Greco-Roman novels. Key themes include:

    • Thecla as a hero and her adventures with Paul.
    • Asceticism and anti-marriage messages in the narrative.
    • The text's implications for feminist readings of early Christianity.

    Students will explore how this narrative reflects broader themes of purity and asceticism in early Christian thought.

  • This module discusses the interpretative methods used in early Christianity, particularly in the Letter to the Hebrews. Students will investigate:

    • The structure and argumentation within Hebrews.
    • Methods of interpreting the Hebrew Bible as scripture.
    • The superiority of Jesus' priesthood as presented in the text.

    Through this examination, students will learn about the diverse approaches to scriptural interpretation within early Christian communities.

  • This module surveys the historical interpretations of the New Testament across different periods, emphasizing medieval approaches. Key aspects include:

    • The allegorical and moralistic interpretations by figures like Origen and Augustine.
    • The transition to historical critical methods during the Reformation.
    • The impact of modernity on biblical interpretation practices.

    Students will explore how interpretations have evolved and their significance within the broader history of biblical scholarship.

  • This module investigates the themes of apocalyptic literature, particularly in the Revelation of John. Key topics include:

    • The dualism between earthly and heavenly realities.
    • Resistance against cultural and political oppression.
    • The cyclical structure of the narrative and its emotional impact on readers.

    Students will analyze how these themes reflect the struggles of early Christians and their hopes for divine intervention.

  • This module contrasts the apocalyptic themes in Revelation with more accommodating perspectives found in Paul and other letters. Key discussions include:

    • The focus on submission to authorities in Romans 13.
    • The conservative messages in 1 Peter and 2 Thessalonians.
    • The evolution of apocalyptic thought from imminent expectations to doctrinal beliefs.

    Students will engage with the complexities of early Christian responses to political and social realities.

  • This module explores the institutionalization of early Christianity as reflected in Jude and the letters of Ignatius of Antioch. Key points include:

    • The development of church offices and authority structures.
    • The shift towards greater organization and ritual practices.
    • The implications of these changes for the unity of early Christian communities.

    Students will analyze how these developments shaped the trajectory of Christianity in its formative years.

  • This module studies the transformation of early Christianity into a world religion, addressing key historical changes. Major themes include:

    • The emergence of distinct sects and philosophical theologies.
    • The rise of monasticism and its impact on Christian practice.
    • The transition to the Christian Roman Empire under Constantine.

    Students will analyze how these developments contributed to Christianity's status as a world religion.